The Knee
Volume 17, Issue 4 , Pages 287-290 , August 2010

Hamstring antagonist torque generated in vivo following ACL rupture and ACL reconstruction

  • Adam L. Bryant

      Affiliations

    • Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, School of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Australia
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3010. Tel.:+61 3 8344 4137; fax: +61 3 8344 4188.
    • ,
  • Mark W. Creaby

      Affiliations

    • Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, School of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Australia
    • ,
  • Robert U. Newton

      Affiliations

    • School of Biomedical and Sports Science, Edith Cowan University, Australia
    • ,
  • Julie R. Steele

      Affiliations

    • Biomechanics Research Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia

Received 22 September 2009 ,Revised 22 January 2010 ,Accepted 8 February 2010.

References 

  1. Granata KP, Padua DA, Wilson SE. Gender differences in active musculoskeletal stiffness. Part II. Quantification of leg stiffness during functional hopping tasks. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2002;12:127–135
  2. Dyhre-Poulsen P, Krogsgaard MR. Muscular reflexes elicited by electrical stimulation of the anterior cruciate ligament in humans. J Appl Physiol. 2000;89:2191–2195
  3. Johansson H, Sjolander P, Sojka P. Receptors in the knee joint ligaments and their role in the biomechanics of the joint. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 1991;18:341–368
  4. Solomonow M, Baratta R, Zhou BH, Shoji H, Bose W, Beck C, et al. The synergistic action of the anterior cruciate ligament and thigh muscles in maintaining joint stability. Am J Sports Med. 1987;15:207–213
  5. Baratta R, Solomonow M, Zhou BH, Letson D, Chuinard R, D'Ambrosia R. Muscular coactivation: the role of the antagonist in maintaining knee stability. Am J Sports Med. 1988;16:113–122
  6. Aagaard P, Simonsen EB, Andersen JL, Magnusson SP, Bojsen-Moller F, Dyhre-Poulsen P. Antagonist muscle coactivation during isokinetic knee extension. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2000;10:58–67
  7. Kellis E, Baltzopoulos V. The effects of antagonist moment on the resultant knee joint moment during isokinetic testing of the knee extensors. Eur J Appl Physiol. 1997;76:253–259
  8. More RC, Karras BT, Neiman R, Fritschy D, Woo S, Daniel DM. Hamstrings — an anterior cruciate ligament protagonist: an in vitro study. Am J Sports Med. 1993;21:231–237
  9. Pandy MG, Shelburne KB. Dependence of cruciate-ligament loading on muscle forces and external load. J Biomech. 1997;30:1015–1024
  10. Barrack RL, Lund PJ, Munn BG, Wink C, Happel L. Evidence of reinnervation of free patellar tendon autograft used for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Am J Sports Med. 1997;25:196–202
  11. Woo SL, Kanamori A, Zeminski J, Yagi M, Papageorgiou C, Fu FH. The effectiveness of reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament with hamstrings and patellar tendon. A cadaveric study comparing anterior tibial and rotational loads. J Bone Jt Surg Am. 2002;84-A:907–914
  12. Bryant AL, Newton RU, Steele J. Successful feed-forward strategies following ACL injury and reconstruction. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2009;19:988–997
  13. Bryant AL, Clark RA, Bartold S, Murphy A, Bennell KL, Hohmann E, et al. Effects of estrogen on the mechanical behavior of the human Achilles tendon in vivo. J Appl Physiol. 2008;105:1035–1043
  14. Hewett TE. Neuromuscular and hormonal factors associated with knee injuries in female athletes: strategies for intervention. Sports Med. 2000;29:313–327
  15. Romani W, Curl LA, Lovering R. The effect of endogenous estradiol levels at three phases of the menstrual cycle on anterior cruciate ligament stiffness in active females. J Athl Train. 2001;2:S62
  16. Romani W, Patrie J, Curl LA, Flaws JA. The correlations between estradiol, estrone, estriol, progesterone and sex hormone-binding globulin and anterior cruciate ligament stiffness in healthy, active females. J Women's Health. 2003;12:287–298
  17. Shultz SJ, Kirk SE, Johnson ML, Sander TC, Perrin DH. Relationship between sex hormones and anterior knee laxity across the menstrual cycle. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;36:1165–1174
  18. Eiling E, Bryant AL, Petersen W, Murphy A, Hohmann E. Effects of menstrual-cycle hormone fluctuations on musculotendinous stiffness and knee joint laxity. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2007;15:126–132
  19. Bryant AL, Creaby MW, Newton RU, Steele JR. Dynamic restraint capacity of the hamstring muscles has important functional implications after anterior cruciate ligament injury and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008;89:2324–2331
  20. Buss DD, Warren RF, Wickiewicz TL, Galinat BJ, Panariello R. Arthroscopically assisted reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament with use of autogenous patellar-ligament grafts. Results after twenty-four to forty-two months. J Bone Jt Surg Am Vol. 1993;75:1346–1355
  21. Barber-Westin SD, Noyes FR, Andrews M. A rigorous comparison between the sexes of results and complications after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Am J Sports Med. 1997;25:514–526
  22. Beynnon BD, Johnson RJ, Fleming BC, Kannus P, Kaplan M, Samani J, et al. See comment. J Bone Jt Surg Am Vol. 2002;84-A:1503–1513
  23. Shelbourne KD, Nitz P. Accelerated rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Am J Sports Med. 1990;18:292–299
  24. Daanen HA, Mazure M, Holewijn M, Van der Velde EA. Reproducibility of the mean power frequency of the surface electromyogram. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1990;61:274–277
  25. De Luca CJ. Control properties of motor units. J Exp Biol. 1985;115:125–136
  26. Winter DA. Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement. New York: Wiley-Interscience; 1990;Edited
  27. Kellis E, Baltzopoulos V. The effects of normalization method on antagonistic activity patterns during eccentric and concentric isokinetic knee extension and flexion. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1996;6:235–245
  28. Kellis E, Baltzopoulos V. In vivo determination of the patella tendon and hamstrings moment arms in adult males using videofluoroscopy during submaximal knee extension and flexion. Clin Biomech. 1999;14:118–124
  29. Smidt GL. Biomechanical analysis of knee flexion and extension. J Biomech. 1973;6:79–92
  30. Kennedy JC, Alexander IJ, Hayes KC. Nerve supply of the human knee and its functional importance. Am J Sports Med. 1982;10:329–335
  31. Halata Z, Haus J. The ultrastructure of sensory nerve endings in human anterior cruciate ligament. Anat Embryol (Berl). 1989;179:415–421
  32. Tsuda E, Okamura Y, Otsuka H, Komatsu T, Tokuya S. Direct evidence of the anterior cruciate ligament-hamstring reflex arc in humans. Am J Sports Med. 2001;29:83–87
  33. Biedert RM, Zwick EB. Ligament-muscle reflex arc after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: electromyographic evaluation. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1998;118:81–84
  34. Cowling EJ, Steele JR. Is lower limb muscle synchrony during landing affected by gender? Implications for variations in ACL injury rates. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2001;11:263–268

PII: S0968-0160(10)00038-4

doi: 10.1016/j.knee.2010.02.004

The Knee
Volume 17, Issue 4 , Pages 287-290 , August 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution